Ib qho ntawm cov hlau tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb no yog tooj liab. Yog tsis muaj nws, peb yuav ua tsis tau tej yam uas peb xav tias yooj yim xws li qhib teeb lossis saib TV. Tooj liab yog cov hlab ntsha uas ua rau cov khoos phis tawj ua haujlwm. Peb yuav tsis tuaj yeem mus ncig hauv tsheb yog tsis muaj tooj liab. Kev sib txuas lus yuav tsis tuag. Thiab cov roj teeb lithium-ion yuav tsis ua haujlwm li yog tsis muaj nws.
Cov roj teeb lithium-ion siv cov hlau xws li tooj liab thiab txhuas los tsim hluav taws xob. Txhua lub roj teeb lithium-ion muaj lub anode graphite, hlau oxide cathode, thiab siv cov electrolytes uas tiv thaiv los ntawm lub separator. Kev them lub roj teeb ua rau cov lithium ions ntws los ntawm cov electrolytes thiab sau ntawm lub anode graphite nrog rau cov electrons xa los ntawm kev sib txuas. Kev tshem lub roj teeb xa cov ions rov qab mus rau qhov chaw uas lawv tuaj thiab yuam cov electrons mus dhau lub voj voog tsim hluav taws xob. Lub roj teeb yuav raug siv tag nrho thaum tag nrho cov lithium ions thiab electrons rov qab mus rau cathode.
Yog li, tooj liab ua lub luag haujlwm dab tsi nrog cov roj teeb lithium-ion? Graphite raug sib xyaw nrog tooj liab thaum tsim cov anode. Tooj liab tiv taus oxidization, uas yog ib qho txheej txheem tshuaj lom neeg uas cov electrons ntawm ib qho khoom poob rau lwm qhov. Qhov no ua rau xeb. Oxidation tshwm sim thaum cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab oxygen sib cuam tshuam nrog ib qho khoom, zoo li hlau sib cuag nrog dej thiab oxygen ua rau xeb. Tooj liab yeej tiv taus xeb.
Cov ntawv ci tooj liabfeem ntau yog siv rau hauv cov roj teeb lithium-ion vim tias tsis muaj kev txwv nrog nws qhov loj. Koj tuaj yeem muaj nws ntev li koj xav tau thiab nyias li koj xav tau. Tooj liab yog los ntawm nws qhov xwm txheej yog tus sau tam sim no muaj zog, tab sis nws kuj tso cai rau kev sib kis zoo thiab sib npaug ntawm tam sim no.
Muaj ob hom ntawv ci tooj liab: dov thiab electrolytic. Koj cov ntawv ci tooj liab yooj yim dov yog siv rau txhua yam khoom siv tes ua thiab tsim. Nws yog tsim los ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm kev qhia cua sov thaum nias nws nrog cov pins dov. Kev tsim cov ntawv ci tooj liab electrolytic yog qhov uas tuaj yeem siv tau hauv thev naus laus zis yog qhov koom nrog ntau dua me ntsis. Nws pib los ntawm kev yaj cov tooj liab zoo hauv cov kua qaub. Qhov no tsim cov electrolyte tooj liab uas tuaj yeem ntxiv rau tooj liab los ntawm cov txheej txheem hu ua electrolytic plating. Hauv cov txheej txheem no, hluav taws xob yog siv los ntxiv cov electrolyte tooj liab rau cov ntawv ci tooj liab hauv cov nruas tig hluav taws xob.
Cov ntawv ci tooj liab tsis yog tsis muaj qhov tsis zoo. Cov ntawv ci tooj liab tuaj yeem khoov tau. Yog tias qhov ntawd tshwm sim ces kev sau thiab kev tawg ntawm lub zog tuaj yeem raug cuam tshuam loj heev. Ntxiv mus, cov ntawv ci tooj liab tuaj yeem raug cuam tshuam los ntawm cov chaw sab nraud xws li cov teeb liab hluav taws xob, lub zog microwave, thiab cua sov heev. Cov yam no tuaj yeem ua rau qeeb lossis txawm tias rhuav tshem cov ntawv ci tooj liab lub peev xwm ua haujlwm kom raug. Alkalis thiab lwm yam acids tuaj yeem ua rau cov ntawv ci tooj liab tsis ua haujlwm zoo. Qhov no yog vim li cas cov tuam txhab xws liCIVENCov hlau tsim ntau yam khoom siv tooj liab.
Lawv muaj cov ntawv ci tooj liab uas tiv thaiv tau cua sov thiab lwm yam kev cuam tshuam. Lawv ua cov ntawv ci tooj liab rau cov khoom tshwj xeeb xws li cov laug cam luam tawm (PCBs) thiab cov laug cam hloov tau yooj yim (FCBs). Ntawm chav kawm lawv ua cov ntawv ci tooj liab rau cov roj teeb lithium-ion.
Cov roj teeb lithium-ion tau dhau los ua qhov ib txwm muaj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrog cov tsheb vim lawv muab lub zog rau cov motors induction zoo li cov Tesla tsim. Cov motors induction muaj tsawg dua qhov txav mus los thiab muaj kev ua tau zoo dua. Cov motors induction tau suav tias tsis muaj peev xwm muab cov kev xav tau fais fab uas tsis muaj nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd. Tesla tau ua qhov no nrog lawv cov roj teeb lithium-ion. Txhua lub cell yog ua los ntawm cov roj teeb lithium-ion ib leeg, txhua tus muaj cov ntawv ci tooj liab.
Qhov kev thov rau cov ntawv ci tooj liab tau nce mus txog qhov siab heev. Kev lag luam ntawv ci tooj liab tau ua ntau dua 7 billion daus las Asmeskas hauv xyoo 2019 thiab nws xav tias yuav ua tau ntau dua 8 billion daus las Asmeskas hauv xyoo 2026. Qhov no yog vim muaj kev hloov pauv hauv kev lag luam tsheb uas cog lus tias yuav hloov ntawm cov cav sib xyaw sab hauv mus rau cov roj teeb lithium-ion. Txawm li cas los xij, cov tsheb yuav tsis yog tib qho kev lag luam uas cuam tshuam vim tias cov khoos phis tawj thiab lwm yam khoom siv hluav taws xob kuj siv cov ntawv ci tooj liab. Qhov no tsuas yog yuav ua kom ntseeg tau tias tus nqi rauntawv ci tooj liabyuav txuas ntxiv nce siab hauv kaum xyoo tom ntej.
Cov roj teeb lithium-ion tau txais daim ntawv pov thawj thawj zaug hauv xyoo 1976, thiab lawv yuav raug tsim tawm ntau hauv kev lag luam hauv xyoo 1991. Hauv cov xyoo tom qab ntawd, cov roj teeb lithium-ion yuav nrov dua thiab yuav raug txhim kho ntau heev. Vim tias lawv siv rau hauv tsheb, nws muaj kev nyab xeeb hais tias lawv yuav pom lwm yam kev siv hauv lub ntiaj teb uas siv hluav taws xob ntau vim tias lawv rov them tau dua thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo dua. Cov roj teeb lithium-ion yog yav tom ntej ntawm lub zog, tab sis lawv tsis muaj dab tsi yog tsis muaj ntawv ci tooj liab.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Yim Hli-25-2022